乌鲁木齐市“三生”空间土地利用冲突演变研究

Research on the Evolution of Land Use Conflicts in “Production-Living-Ecological” Spaces of Urumqi City

摘要: 乌鲁木齐市作为天山北坡城市群核心与西部干旱区绿洲城市典型代表，其“三生”空间演化过程深刻反映了快速城镇化与脆弱生态系统之间的尖锐矛盾。本研究基于2013年和2023年两期土地利用数据，运用转移矩阵与景观指数构建冲突测度模型，系统揭示乌鲁木齐市“三生”空间类型演变与冲突时空分异规律。研究结果表明：2013~2023年间，生产空间净减少176 km²，生态空间基本平衡但内部流动剧烈，生活空间低速扩张，三类用地呈现“生产退、生活进、生态稳”的总体格局；冲突空间分布呈中部高、南北低的地形分异特征，重度冲突范围显著收缩，稳定可控区域明显增加，人地关系由紧张对峙向协调共生转变，但中度冲突的大范围蔓延提示空间重组仍是长期挑战。研究可为干旱区绿洲城市国土空间优化与冲突管控提供科学依据。

Abstract: As a typical representative of oasis cities in the arid region of western China and a core city in the urban agglomeration on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, Urumqi’s evolution of “Production-Living-Ecological” Spaces profoundly reflects the sharp contradiction between rapid urbanization and fragile ecosystems. Based on land use data from 2013 and 2023, this study employed a transition matrix and landscape metrics to construct a conflict measurement model, systematically revealing the evolution of “Production-Living-Ecological” Spaces types and the spatiotemporal differentiation patterns of land use conflicts in Urumqi. The results indicate that: Between 2013 and 2023, production space decreased by 176 km²; ecological space remained largely balanced but experienced significant internal transformations; and living space expanded at a low rate. The three land use types exhibited an overall pattern of “production space retreating, living space expanding, and ecological space stabilizing”. The spatial distribution of conflicts was characterized by topographical differentiation, with high intensity in the central region and low intensity in the north and south. The area of severe conflicts contracted significantly, while the area of stable and controllable zones notably increased, suggesting a shift in human-land relationship from intense confrontation towards coordinated symbiosis. However, the widespread expansion of moderate conflicts indicates that spatial reorganization remains a long-term challenge. This study can provide a scientific basis for territorial spatial optimization and conflict management in oasis cities in arid regions.