针刺治疗药物依赖性失眠研究述评

A Review of Studies on Acupuncture for Drug-Dependent Insomnia

摘要: 药物依赖性失眠指原发性失眠患者长期服用镇静催眠类药物且无法主动撤药。其中以苯二氮卓类药物依赖最为常见。在维持睡眠前提下如何减少药物用量，并减轻戒断反应和药物副反应成为重要问题。针刺治疗失眠已被《中国失眠症诊断和治疗指南》推荐，具有副作用小、无成瘾性、身心同调等优势。但针刺治疗药物依赖性失眠的临床研究数量有限、时间跨度较大，尚未形成共识。现整理近15年相关研究成果，通过文献述评梳理针刺干预药物依赖性失眠当前临床证据，分析选穴规律，批判性评价研究质量，以期为后续研究提供思路。

Abstract: Drug-dependent insomnia refers to a condition in which patients with primary insomnia have taken sedative-hypnotic drugs for a long time and cannot voluntarily discontinue them. Among these, dependence on benzodiazepines is the most common. How to reduce the dosage of medications while maintaining sleep, as well as alleviate withdrawal symptoms and adverse drug reactions, has become an important issue. Acupuncture for insomnia has been recommended in the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia, with the advantages of mild side effects, non-addictiveness, and simultaneous regulation of both physical and mental conditions. However, clinical studies on acupuncture for drug-dependent insomnia are limited in number and cover a relatively long time span, and no consensus has yet been reached. This paper summarizes the relevant research findings over the recent 15 years, reviews the current clinical evidence of acupuncture intervention for drug-dependent insomnia through a literature review, analyzes the rules of acupoint selection, and critically evaluates the quality of the studies, aiming to provide insights for future research.