问题教学法在统编版初中语文古诗词教学中的运用策略——以七年级上册《古代诗歌四首》为例

Application Strategies of Problem-Based Teaching Method in Ancient Poetry Teaching of the Compulsory Edition Junior High School Chinese Textbooks—A Case Study of “Four Ancient Poems” in the First Volume of Grade Seven

摘要: 古诗词是统编版初中语文教材的重要组成部分，对传承中华优秀传统文化、培育学生语言素养、提升审美能力以及落实语文核心素养均具有重要意义。统编版初中语文七年级上册《古代诗歌四首》题材丰富，涵盖言志、送别、写景、思乡等类型，作品情感真挚、语言凝练，既是引导初中生初识古典诗词、培养初步鉴赏能力的基础素材，也是七年级上册古诗词教学的重点内容。问题教学法以“问题”为核心，通过创设适宜情境引导学生自主探究、合作交流，有助于改善传统古诗词教学中“教师主导、学生被动”的教学现状，缓解学生学习兴趣不高、对诗歌内涵理解浅显等问题。本文以七年级上册《古代诗歌四首》为研究对象，结合该组诗歌的教学特点与七年级学生的认知规律，探讨问题教学法运用于古诗词教学的必要性，并提出具有针对性与可操作性的实施策略，以期为初中语文古诗词教学提供一定的实践参考。

Abstract: Ancient poetry is an important component of the Chinese textbooks for junior high schools compiled by the state. It is of great significance for inheriting the excellent traditional Chinese culture, cultivating students’ language literacy, enhancing their aesthetic ability, and realizing the core literacy of Chinese. Four Ancient Poems, included in the first volume of the seventh‑grade Chinese textbook, covers a wide range of themes such as aspiration expression, farewell, scenery depiction, and homesickness. With sincere emotions and concise language, these poems serve as fundamental materials to guide junior high school students to get to know classical poetry and develop preliminary appreciation ability, and also constitute a key part of ancient poetry teaching in the first semester of seventh grade. The question‑based teaching method takes “questions” as the core. By creating appropriate situations, it guides students to conduct independent inquiry and cooperative communication, helping to improve the teacher‑dominated and student‑passive situation in traditional ancient poetry teaching, and alleviate problems such as low learning interest and superficial understanding of poetic connotations. Taking Four Ancient Poems as the research object, this paper combines the teaching characteristics of these poems and the cognitive rules of seventh‑grade students, discusses the necessity of applying the question‑based teaching method in ancient poetry teaching, and puts forward targeted and operable implementation strategies, so as to provide practical references for ancient poetry teaching in junior high school Chinese.