割草机传动系统弧齿锥齿轮分析与优化

Analysis and Optimization of Spiral Bevel Gear in Mower Transmission System

摘要: 以背负式割草机传动系统为研究对象，使用HyperMesh处理绘制的三维模型，并在Abaqus中对壳体进行多模态分析，取前20阶模态，校核壳体与齿轮的振动相关性；使用KISSsoft对齿轮力学性能展开仿真分析，获得齿轮的齿面安全系数与齿根安全系数，以及啮合过程中的接触斑点；然后对产品进行耐久实验，完成后显微观察弧齿锥齿轮齿面磨损印迹，并验证仿真模型的正确性；针对观察到的齿轮偏载，使用KISSsoft进行齿轮的鼓型修型和螺旋角修型，优化接触斑点。研究结果表明：传动系统的壳体与齿轮在实测工况下不存在共振，齿轮的齿面和齿根安全系数合格，齿轮工作齿面存在偏磨现象，通过齿轮修型将接触应力转移至齿面中心，可以降低接触应力，减少齿面磨损，提升割草机传动系统的运行平稳性。

Abstract: Taking the transmission system of a backpack lawn mower as the research object, a 3D model was processed and drawn using HyperMesh, and a multimodal analysis was conducted on the shell in Abaqus. The first 20 modes were selected to verify the vibration correlation between the shell and the gear; using KISSSsoft to conduct simulation analysis on the mechanical properties of gears, obtain the tooth surface safety factor and tooth root safety factor of gears, as well as the contact spots during meshing process; then, a durability test is conducted on the product, and after completion, the wear imprint on the tooth surface of the spiral bevel gear is observed microscopically to verify the correctness of the simulation model; to address the observed gear misalignment, KISSSsoft was used to perform drum and helix angle modifications on the gears, optimizing the contact spots. The research results show that there is no resonance between the housing of the transmission system and the gear under actual operating conditions, and the safety factors of the gear teeth and roots are qualified. There is a phenomenon of eccentric wear on the working tooth surface of the gear. By modifying the gear to transfer the contact stress to the center of the tooth surface, the contact stress can be reduced, the tooth surface wear can be reduced, and the operation stability of the lawn mower transmission system can be improved.