不完全性脊髓损伤患者手术治疗策略对神经 功能恢复及长期预后的影响：一项叙述性综述
Impact of Surgical Strategies on Neurological Recovery and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review
摘要: 不完全性脊髓损伤(iSCI)因保留了部分神经传导功能，为临床干预促进功能恢复提供了关键的生物学基础。手术治疗，特别是早期减压与脊柱稳定，是iSCI综合管理的核心，但其对患者神经功能恢复程度、并发症风险及长期生活质量的综合影响尚存争议。本综述旨在系统梳理iSCI手术治疗时机、术式选择、围手术期管理以及术中神经监测等辅助技术应用的最新证据。文章重点分析不同手术策略对神经功能评分和步行能力等具体结局指标的改善效果，并探讨手术与康复的协同作用对优化远期预后的意义。通过评估手术风险与获益的平衡，本综述旨在为临床制定个体化、基于证据的治疗决策提供参考。
Abstract: Incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI), by preserving partial neural conduction function, provides a critical biological foundation for clinical interventions to promote functional recovery. Surgical intervention, particularly early decompression and spinal stabilization, lies at the core of comprehensive iSCI management, yet its overall impact on the extent of neurological recovery, complication risks, and long-term quality of life remains controversial. This review aims to systematically summarize the latest evidence regarding the timing of surgical intervention for iSCI, selection of surgical approaches, perioperative management, and the application of adjunctive technologies such as intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. The article focuses on analyzing the effects of different surgical strategies on specific outcome measures, including neurological function scores and walking ability, and explores the significance of the synergistic interaction between surgery and rehabilitation in optimizing long-term prognosis. By evaluating the balance between surgical risks and benefits, this review seeks to provide a reference for formulating individualized, evidence-based treatment decisions in clinical practice.
文章引用：李承松, 朱钧. 不完全性脊髓损伤患者手术治疗策略对神经 功能恢复及长期预后的影响：一项叙述性综述[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 4000-4010. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1631211

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