冷补沥青混合料用冷补剂及技术性能研究综述
A Review of Cold-Patch Agents and Technical Performance of Cold-Patch Asphalt Mixtures
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2026.153065, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 王立宸*, 聂忆华, 杜泓毅, 徐智成, 邓胜良, 夏雨欣：湖南科技大学土木工程学院，湖南 湘潭
关键词: 道路工程；冷补沥青混合料；冷补剂；性能；综述 ；Road Engineering； Cold-Patch Asphalt Mixture (CPAM)； Cold-Patch Agent； Performance； Review
摘要: 冷补沥青混合料(CPAM)因其节能环保、施工便捷、可在不利气候条件下快速修复路面病害等突出优点，已成为道路预防性养护与应急维修的关键材料。其性能核心在于冷补剂(包括稀释剂、反应型改性剂、生物基材料等)的组成与性质，直接决定了混合料的施工和易性、强度发展规律及长期耐久性。本文系统梳理了冷补剂的分类、作用机理及性能评价方法体系；深入剖析了溶剂型稀释剂、反应型树脂、生物基粘结剂等不同类型冷补剂对CPAM工作性能、力学性能及耐久性的影响规律与提升机制；进而探讨了冷补剂与再生沥青路面(RAP)、填料、添加剂的协同优化策略；凝练总结了当前CPAM评价体系缺失、性能与环保难平衡、微观机理研究不足、专用化程度不高等关键问题。在此基础上，展望了未来低毒/无毒环保型冷补剂开发、高性能反应型体系设计、多尺度评价与机理研究、高掺量RAP利用及标准规范建立等主要发展方向。本文旨在为高性能环保型冷补剂的研发与CPAM的标准化、智能化应用提供理论参考。
Abstract: Cold-patch asphalt mixture (CPAM) has become a key material for preventive maintenance and emergency repair of road pavements due to its outstanding advantages such as energy saving, environmental protection, convenient construction, and capability for rapid repair under adverse weather conditions. The performance of CPAM is fundamentally governed by the composition and properties of cold-patch agents (including diluents, reactive modifiers, bio-based materials, etc.), which directly determine the workability, strength development, and long-term durability of the mixture. This paper systematically elaborates on the classification, action mechanisms, and performance evaluation methods for cold-patch agents. It then provides an in-depth analysis of the influence patterns and enhancement mechanisms of different types of cold-patch agents (e.g., solvent-based diluents, reactive resins, bio-based binders) on the workability, mechanical properties, and durability of CPAM. Furthermore, synergistic optimization strategies between cold-patch agents and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), fillers, and additives are discussed. Key issues in current research are summarized, including the lack of a dedicated evaluation system, the difficulty in balancing performance with environmental friendliness, insufficient understanding of micro-mechanisms, and low degree of specialization. Future development directions are prospected, focusing on the development of low-toxicity/non-toxic and environmentally friendly cold-patch agents, design of high-performance reactive systems, multi-scale evaluation and mechanistic research, utilization of high-content RAP, and establishment of standards and specifications. This review aims to provide theoretical references for the research and development of high-performance, environmentally friendly cold-patch agents and the standardized, intelligent application of CPAM.
文章引用：王立宸, 聂忆华, 杜泓毅, 徐智成, 邓胜良, 夏雨欣. 冷补沥青混合料用冷补剂及技术性能研究综述[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(3): 174-181. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.153065

参考文献

[1] Wang, T., Dra, Y.A.S.S., Cai, X., Cheng, Z., Zhang, D., Lin, Y., et al. (2022) Advanced Cold Patching Materials (CPMs) for Asphalt Pavement Pothole Rehabilitation: State of the Art. Journal of Cleaner Production, 366, Article 133001. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[2] Jain, S. and Singh, B. (2021) Cold Mix Asphalt: An Overview. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280, Article 124378. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[3] Hafezzadeh, R., Autelitano, F. and Giuliani, F. (2021) Asphalt-Based Cold Patches for Repairing Road Potholes—An Overview. Construction and Building Materials, 306, Article 124870. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] Wang, T., Zhang, X., Cheng, Z., Shen, D., Tan, J., Xie, S., et al. (2024) Road Performance of Cold Repaired Asphalt Mixture with New Green Maintenance Materials. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 21, e03959. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] 杨彦海, 等. 冷补沥青混合料材料组成和性能评价综述[J]. 中外公路, 2023, 43(4): 221-229.
[6] 陈伟盛, 秦靖闰, 刘刚, 等. 沥青冷补液的高低温性能研究[J]. 武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版), 2018, 42(1): 93-96.
[7] 石福周, 史宝红, 段伟, 等. 端羧基丁腈橡胶/环氧树脂冷补沥青研发及其混合料性能[J]. 化工新型材料, 2023, 51(S2): 514-519.
[8] Fan, X., Ma, C., Wang, S., Dong, R., Yao, Z., Zhang, J., et al. (2025) Development and Evaluation of Composite Modified Cold Patch Asphalt and Cold Patch Asphalt Mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 495, Article 143666. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] 况栋梁, 李佩佳, 吴永畅, 等. 路用单组分湿固化聚氨酯冷补液的制备与性能[J]. 长安大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 43(3): 22-33.
[10] Li, D. and Zhang, Y. (2025) Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures II. Springer Nature.
[11] Zhang, K., Xiong, J., Ruiz, C. and Zhang, J. (2024) Design and Performance Assessment of Sustainable Road Pothole Patching Materials Using Waste Cooking Oil, Plastic, and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement. Construction and Building Materials, 429, Article 136426. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[12] Bao, L., Guo, R. and Yan, F. (2024) Effect of Biodiesel on Performance of Cold Patch Asphalt Mixtures. Materials, 17, Article 5566. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] 中华人民共和国交通运输行业标准. JT/T 972-2015 沥青路面坑槽冷补成品料[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2015.
[14] 徐心硕. 沥青冷补液及其冷补料性能研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 重庆: 重庆交通大学, 2025.
[15] 康颖禄. 生物系冷补剂研发及冷补沥青混合料路用性能研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 西安: 长安大学, 2025.
[16] Kwon, B.J., Kim, D., Rhee, S.K. and Kim, Y.R. (2018) Spray Injection Patching for Pothole Repair Using 100 Percent Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement. Construction and Building Materials, 166, 445-451. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] Bi, C., Wang, X., Fu, J., Zhao, H., Zheng, M. and Xu, J. (2025) Study on the Filler Composition Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Cold-Patch Asphalt Mixture. Materials, 18, Article 3894. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Meena, P., Ransinchung R.N., G.D. and Kumar, P. (2025) An Ideal Cold Mix Asphalt for Road Pavement. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 10, Article 342. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 

为你推荐