基于FLAC3D不同溶洞情况对风车稳定性分析

Analysis of the Impact of Different Karst Cave Conditions on Wind Turbine Stability Using FLAC3D

摘要: 本研究基于岩土工程数值分析软件FLAC3D，系统探讨了风车地基下方存在不同形态溶洞时，其对风车、地基整体稳定性及变形特性的影响。溶洞作为一种典型的地质灾害，严重威胁上部结构的安全。为量化分析其风险，本研究建立了考虑风车–土体–溶洞相互作用的三维数值模型，并采用莫尔–库仑本构模型来模拟土体的弹塑性行为。研究重点分析了不同溶洞的洞径、形状、空间位置等关键因素。系统获取了地基的位移场、应力场及位移随深度变化的关系与发展规律。模拟结果表明：溶洞距离基础1 m到2 m时变化较大，2 m之后溶洞位置降低对基础的影响就没有明显变化，及在某一个范围内对风车影响较大，过了这个范围影响就有所减小，同时还可以发现溶洞所处深度相同时溶洞体积越小对风车的Z轴影响越小。

Abstract: This study systematically investigates the effects of cavities with different morphologies beneath wind turbine foundations on the overall stability and deformation characteristics of both the turbine and foundation using the geotechnical numerical analysis software FLAC3D. As a typical geological hazard, cavities pose a serious threat to the safety of superstructures. To quantify these risks, a three-dimensional numerical model accounting for wind turbine-soil-karst interaction was established, employing the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model to simulate soil elastoplastic behavior. Key factors such as cavity diameter, shape, and spatial location were critically analyzed. The study systematically obtained the foundation’s displacement field, stress field, and the relationship and development patterns of displacement with depth. Simulation results indicate: 1) Caves within 1~2 meters of the foundation exhibit significant influence. 2) Beyond 2 meters, reducing cave location has negligible effect on the foundation. 3) Caves within a specific range significantly impact the wind turbine, with influence diminishing beyond this range. 4) At equivalent depths, smaller cave volumes exert lesser Z-axis effects on the turbine.