关于国内外劳动力就业的现状、问题及对策研究的文献综述

A Literature Review on the Current Situation, Problems, and Countermeasure Research of Domestic and Foreign Labor Employment

摘要: 劳动力就业是经济社会发展的核心议题，农村劳动力作为劳动力市场的重要组成部分，其就业质量、空间选择、技能适配性直接关系到城乡融合发展与乡村振兴战略的落地。数字化转型背景下，劳动力就业的形态、需求与政策导向均发生深刻变革，国内外学者围绕劳动力就业展开了多维度、系统性研究。本文通过系统梳理国内外劳动力就业相关研究成果，从就业质量与收入结构、就业空间流动、数字化转型与技能适配、政策干预与制度保障、特定群体就业困境五大方面，总结现有研究的核心观点与结论，对比分析国内外研究的范式差异与融合趋势，剖析当前研究存在的不足与短板，并在此基础上展望未来研究的重点方向，为推动劳动力高质量充分就业提供理论参考与研究思路。

Abstract: Labor employment is a core issue in economic and social development. As an important part of the labor market, rural labor’s employment quality, spatial choices, and skill adaptability are directly related to the implementation of urban-rural integration and the rural revitalization strategy. Under the background of digital transformation, the forms, demands, and policy orientations of labor employment have undergone profound changes. Scholars at home and abroad have carried out multidimensional and systematic research on labor employment. This paper systematically reviews research results on labor employment both domestically and internationally, summarizing the core viewpoints and conclusions from five aspects: employment quality and income structure, employment spatial mobility, digital transformation and skill adaptability, policy intervention and institutional guarantees, and employment difficulties of specific groups. It compares and analyzes the differences in research paradigms and integration trends between domestic and international studies, examines the current research shortcomings, and on this basis, anticipates the key directions for future research, providing theoretical references and research ideas for promoting high-quality and full employment of labor.