健康老龄化视域下老年人数字健康的现实困境与破解策略

Realistic Dilemmas and Solutions for the Digital Health of the Elderly from the Perspective of Healthy Aging

摘要: 在数字化与人口老龄化深度交汇的时代背景下，发展老年数字健康是落实健康老龄化战略的核心举措，也是推动健康中国建设、构建老年友好型社会的关键路径。为明晰健康老龄化视域下我国老年人数字健康的发展现状，剖析发展过程中的现实困境并提出针对性破解策略，本文以2016~2025年我国老年数字健康相关政策文本及近年相关研究成果为研究对象，采用文献研究法与文本分析法展开研究，从政策供给、应用普及、素养培育三个维度梳理了老年数字健康的发展现状。研究发现，我国老年数字健康发展存在政策工具配置失衡且主体协同不足、数字健康服务适老化滞后且群体鸿沟凸显、数字健康素养培育机制缺失且结构失衡三大核心困境。基于此，从优化政策工具体系、推进服务适老化升级、健全素养培育机制三个方面提出对应的破解策略，以期通过政策、服务、素养的三维联动，破解老年数字健康发展难题，提升老年人数字健康获得感，为健康老龄化战略的深入推进提供制度支撑与实践路径。

Abstract: Against the background of the deep integration of digitalization and population aging, developing digital health for the elderly is a core measure to implement the strategy of healthy aging, and also a critical path to advance the Healthy China initiative and build an age-friendly society. To clarify the development status of digital health for the elderly in China from the perspective of healthy aging, analyze the practical dilemmas in its development, and propose targeted solutions, this study takes relevant policy documents on digital health for the elderly in China from 2016 to 2025 and recent research findings as research objects, and adopts the methods of literature review and policy document analysis. The development status of digital health for the elderly is systematically reviewed from three dimensions: policy supply, application popularization, and literacy cultivation. The study reveals three core dilemmas in the development of digital health for the elderly in China: unbalanced allocation of policy instruments and insufficient inter-agency coordination; inadequate age-friendly adaptation of digital health services and a prominent digital divide among elderly groups; and the absence of a systematic mechanism for digital health literacy cultivation with structural imbalance. Accordingly, corresponding countermeasures are put forward from three aspects: optimizing the policy instrument system, promoting the age-friendly upgrading of digital health services, and improving the mechanism for digital health literacy cultivation. It is expected that the three-dimensional coordination of policies, services, and literacy will help address the challenges in developing digital health for the elderly, enhance the sense of gain from digital health among older adults, and provide institutional support and practical pathways for the further implementation of the healthy aging strategy.