猪圆环病毒分子流行病学及Pcv2疫苗的研究进展
Research Progress on the Molecular Epidemiology of Porcine Circovirus and the Pcv2 Vaccine
DOI: 10.12677/amb.2026.151006, PDF,   
作者: 吉明阳, 盛 望*：北京工业大学化学与生命科学学院，北京；张 衡*：中国科学院高能物理研究所多学科中心，北京
关键词: 猪圆环病毒；PCV2疫苗；分子流行病学；作用机制；Porcine Circovirus Type 2； PCV2 Vaccine； Molecular Epidemiology； Mechanism of Action
摘要: 猪圆环病毒(Porcine circovirus, PCV)是一种导致猪皮炎、肾病综合征、断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合征的高致病性病毒，其可分为PCV1、PCV2、PCV3、PCV4和PCV5等5个基因型，其中以PCV2为主要致病基因型。随着近年来PCV3、PCV4的流行以及PCV5的发现，猪圆环病毒病(PCVD)的临床表现以及流行病学特征也随之发生改变。本文拟通过对PCV2、PCV3、PCV4和PCV5的作用机制、分子流行病学特征进行研究，对PCV2疫苗的最新研究进展进行探讨，以期为提高猪圆环病毒的防控效果，构建PCVD的科学防控提供理论依据与实践指导。
Abstract: Porcine circovirus (PCV) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes porcine dermatitis, nephropathy syndrome, and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs. It can be divided into five genotypes: PCV1, PCV2, PCV3, PCV4, and PCV5, with PCV2 being the main pathogenic genotype. With the recent prevalence of PCV3 and PCV4, as well as the discovery of PCV5, the clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of porcine circovirus disease (PCVD) have also changed. This article intends to study the mechanisms of action and molecular epidemiological characteristics of PCV2, PCV3, PCV4, and PCV5, and explore the latest research progress on PCV2 vaccines, with the aim of providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the prevention and control of PCV and constructing a scientific prevention and control system for PCVD.
文章引用：吉明阳, 张衡, 盛望. 猪圆环病毒分子流行病学及Pcv2疫苗的研究进展[J]. 微生物前沿, 2026, 15(1): 49-62. https://doi.org/10.12677/amb.2026.151006

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