不同复合益生菌对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、生理生化及免疫的影响
Effects of Different Compound Probiotics on Growth, Physiological, Biochemical and Immunity Changes of Perch Periwinkle Groouper
DOI: 10.12677/ojfr.2026.131011, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 刘佳奇, 夏苏东, 雷明荃, 王凤昂, 张 丹, 于子雯：天津农学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室，天津；李海鸣：北京科拓恒通生物技术股份有限公司，北京；孙志新：天津市滨海新区农业农村发展服务中心，天津；张守庆*：中科蓝海测试(天津)科技有限公司，天津
关键词: 珍珠龙胆石斑鱼；益生菌；生长；免疫；Pearl Gentian Grouper； Probiotics； Growth； Immunity
摘要: 本研究以珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀)为研究对象，探究不同种类的复合益生菌对石斑鱼生长、生理生化、免疫的影响。本研究共设置3个实验组分别为对照组(基础饲料)、添加益菌邦(精品)成分为：干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和益菌邦(护肠)成分为：干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、丁酸梭菌进行60 d的养殖实验。研究发现添加益菌邦(精品)可以显著提高珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的增重率和特定生长率、有效提高石斑鱼的吸收消化能力，显著提高酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性(P < 0.05)；降低肝脏损伤程度，提高鱼体免疫力。与添加益菌邦(精品)相比，添加益菌邦(护肠)的生长及免疫效果不及益菌邦(精品)。综上所述，乳杆菌与芽孢杆菌结合的复合益生菌更有利于珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长、提高鱼体抗病能力。本研究提出了复合益生菌作为饲料添加剂在石斑鱼养殖业中的应用潜力，并为实际生产中珍珠龙胆石斑鱼规模化健康绿色养殖提供理论参考。
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of different types of compound probiotics on the growth, physiological and biochemical responses, and immunity of pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀). Three experimental groups were established, including a control group (basal diet), a Yijunbang (Premium) group containing Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus subtilis, and a Yijunbang (Gut-care) group containing Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis, and Clostridium butyricum, with a 60-day feeding trial. The results showed that supplementation with Yijunbang (Premium) significantly improved weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), enhanced digestive and absorptive capacity, and markedly increased the activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lysozyme (LZM) (P < 0.05). Moreover, Yijunbang (Premium) reduced hepatic damage and enhanced immune capacity in the fish. In contrast, the growth performance and immune-enhancing effects of Yijunbang (Gut-care) were less pronounced than those of Yijunbang (Premium). In conclusion, compound probiotics combining Lactobacillus and Bacillus species were more effective in promoting growth and enhancing disease resistance in pearl gentian grouper. This study highlights the potential application of compound probiotics as functional feed additives in grouper aquaculture and provides theoretical support for large-scale, healthy, and environmentally friendly culture of pearl gentian grouper.
文章引用：刘佳奇, 夏苏东, 雷明荃, 王凤昂, 张丹, 于子雯, 李海鸣, 孙志新, 张守庆. 不同复合益生菌对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、生理生化及免疫的影响[J]. 水产研究, 2026, 13(1): 87-94. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojfr.2026.131011

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