水稻超高产育种的研究

The Study on Super High Yield Breeding of Rice

摘要: 水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，是世界近一半人口主要的粮食作物，是我国60％以上人口的主食，我国稻米消费量占全部粮食消费量的40%左右。目前，我国水稻需求约在1850~1900亿kg左右，产需缺口仍在100~150亿kg左右。进一步提高水稻单产是解决世界粮食安全问题的关键。本文概述了超级稻的由来、国内外研究动态和趋势、水稻超高产育种的分子生物学基础，并对水稻超高产育种的未来提出展望。

Abstract: Rice is the most important food crop in the world and feeds over half of the global population. It is the staple food for more than 60% of the population and the rice consumption accounts for 40% of the all food consumption in China. At present, the demand of rice is 185~190 billion kilograms of China and the countless gap is still in 10~15 billion kilograms. The key to solve the problem of the world food security is increasing the rice yield. This article summarizes the origin, domestic and foreign research dynamic and trend of super rice and the molecular basis of super high yield breeding research, and proposes the outlook for the future of rice breeding programs.