乙肝相关性肝癌生物标志物的研究
A Study on Biomarkers for Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641295, PDF,   
作者: 金 濠, 唐翌姝*：重庆医科大学附属第一医院医学检验科，重庆
关键词: 乙型肝炎病毒；肝细胞癌；标志物；Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)； Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)； Biomarkers
摘要: 乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关肝细胞癌(HCC)是全球主要的癌症负担，约占所有肝癌病例的50%~80%。生物标志物在HBV-HCC的早期诊断、预后评估和治疗决策中发挥着关键作用。本综述系统总结了组织标志物和血清标志物在HBV-HCC中的研究进展，重点关注2018年以来发表在JCR 2区及以上期刊的高质量研究。组织标志物方面，GPC3/HSP70/GS三联标志物、Ki-67、p53、β-catenin、CK19等已被广泛验证用于诊断和预后评估。血清标志物方面，AFP、AFP-L3、DCP (PIVKA-II)及其组合算法(如GALAD评分)显著提高了早期检测能力。新兴的液体活检技术，包括循环游离DNA (cfDNA)甲基化标志物、HBV整合片段检测、循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)和外泌体标志物，为HBV-HCC的无创诊断和监测提供了新途径。本综述旨在为临床医生和研究人员提供HBV-HCC生物标志物领域的最新进展和临床应用指导。
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major global cancer burden, accounting for approximately 50%~80% of all HCC cases. Biomarkers serve a pivotal role in the early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and therapeutic decision-making of HBV-HCC. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of tissue biomarkers and serum biomarkers in HBV-HCC, with emphasis on high-quality studies published in JCR Q2 and above journals since 2018. For tissue biomarkers, the triple panel of GPC3/HSP70/GS, Ki-67, p53, β-catenin and CK19 have been extensively validated for diagnosis and prognostic assessment. For serum biomarkers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), AFP-L3, des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP, also known as PIVKA-II) and their combined algorithms (e.g., the GALAD score) have significantly improved the capacity of early detection. Emerging liquid biopsy technologies, including circulating free DNA (cfDNA) methylation markers, detection of HBV integration fragments, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomal biomarkers, provide novel strategies for the noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of HBV-HCC. This review aims to offer clinicians and researchers the latest advances and clinical application guidance in the field of HBV-HCC biomarkers.
文章引用：金濠, 唐翌姝. 乙肝相关性肝癌生物标志物的研究[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 682-691. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641295

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