儿童重症肌无力治疗进展
Advances in the Treatment of Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641298, PDF,   
作者: 杨 欣, 曹 洁*：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院全科，儿童少年健康与疾病国家临床医学研究中心，儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室，儿童感染与免疫罕见病重庆市重点实验室，重庆
关键词: 儿童；重症肌无力；治疗进展；Children； Myasthenia Gravis； Therapeutic Advances
摘要: 重症肌无力(MG)是一种由神经肌肉接头传递障碍引起的慢性自身免疫性疾病。致病性自身抗体能够减少神经肌肉接头终板上功能性乙酰胆碱受体(AChR)的数量，使得患者出现反复、不同程度的肌无力表现。儿童MG的临床特点与治疗反应不同于成人，但目前仍缺乏精准、高效的治疗方案。随着对MG发病机制的理解和研究深入，靶向自身免疫机制的精准医疗成为当前的主要方向，新兴生物药物利妥昔单抗、依库珠单抗、艾加莫德在儿童MG中的疗效及安全性已得到初步验证。本文对儿童MG治疗方案的研究进展作一综述。
Abstract: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by a defect in neuromuscular junction transmission. Pathogenic autoantibodies can reduce the number of functional acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at the endplates, leading to recurring muscle weakness of varying degrees in patients. The clinical features and treatment responses of childhood MG differ from those of adults, but currently, there is still a lack of precise and effective treatment options. With deeper understanding and research into the pathogenesis of MG, precision medicine targeting autoimmune mechanisms has become the main focus, and the efficacy and safety of emerging biological drugs such as rituximab, eculizumab, and efgartigimod in juvenile MG have been preliminarily verified. This article reviews the research progress of treatment strategies for childhood-onset MG.
文章引用：杨欣, 曹洁. 儿童重症肌无力治疗进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 705-713. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641298

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