浓缩生长因子复合明胶海绵支架对兔骨缺损的修复研究

Repair Effect of Concentrated Growth Factor Combined with Gelatin Sponge Scaffold on Rabbit Bone Defects

摘要: 背景：本研究旨在比较明胶海绵支架上的浓缩生长因子(CGF)凝胶与异种移植物BioOss®治疗骨缺损的效果。方法：8只一周岁的白兔接受手术，在股骨中制造了四个相同的6 × 6 mm骨缺损。这些缺损接受了不同的处理：(1) CGF联合明胶海绵，(2) 未经处理的对照缺损，(3) 仅填充明胶海绵的缺损，以及(4) 填充BioOss®的缺损。术后立即、术后1个月和术后2个月进行放射学评估，术后2个月进行组织学评估。结果：放射学分析显示，术后1个月、2个月时，CGF联合明胶海绵处理组缺损的骨愈合评分显著高于未处理对照组及明胶海绵处理组(P < 0.001)，而与BioOss®处理组相比无统计学显著差异(P > 0.05)。组织学评估结果进一步验证了上述结论，图像分析显示，CGF组的平均矿化面积百分比为88.18%，显著高于对照组的66.55%和明胶海绵组的68.08% (P < 0.001)，与BioOss®组的87.53%相比无明显统计学差异。结论：该研究表明，明胶海绵支架上的CGF可有效促进骨愈合，其结果与BioOss®移植物相当。这表明富含生长因子的CGF可以替代传统的骨移植材料用于骨缺损的治疗。研究结果支持进一步研究CGF在植骨手术中的长期效果和临床应用。

Abstract: Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) gel on a gelatin sponge scaffold with the xenograft BioOss® in treating bone defects. Methods: Eight one-year-old rabbit underwent surgery to create four identical 6 × 6 mm bone defects in the femur. These defects received different treatments: (1) CGF combined with a gelatin sponge, (2) an untreated control defect, (3) a defect filled with only a gelatin sponge, and (4) a defect filled with BioOss®. Radiographic evaluations were conducted immediately after surgery, and at one and two months post-surgery, while histological assessments were performed at two months post-surgery. Results: Radiological analysis showed that at 1 month and 2 months postoperatively, the bone healing score of defects in the CGF combined with gelatin sponge group was significantly higher than that in the untreated control group and the gelatin sponge-only group (P < 0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference compared with the BioOss®-treated group (P > 0.05). The histological evaluation results further confirmed the aforementioned conclusions. Image analysis demonstrated that the average percentage of mineralized area in the CGF group was 88.18%, which was significantly higher than those in the control group (66.55%) and the gelatin sponge group (68.08%) (P < 0.001). In contrast, no significant statistical difference was observed when compared with the BioOss® group (87.53%). Conclusions: The study demonstrates that CGF on a gelatin sponge scaffold enhances bone healing effectively, with outcomes comparable to BioOss® grafts. This suggests that CGF, enriched with growth factors, can be a viable alternative to traditional bone graft materials in bone defect treatment. The findings advocate for further research into the long-term effects and clinical applications of CGF in bone grafting procedures.