从于友西《中学历史教学法》的版本变化看我国历史教育的转型

The Transformation of History Education in China as Reflected in the Version Changes of Youxi Yu’s Teaching Methods of Middle School History

摘要: 从1988年至今，于友西教授的《中学历史教学法》共进行了三次修订，每一次修订均是我国教育改革在历史教育领域的折射。本文以建构主义学习理论为核心分析框架，对比分析《中学历史教学法》四个版本的内容变化，聚焦历史教学目标与教学评价两大核心维度，可以归纳出四个版本修订的本质是我国历史教育知识观、学生观、评价观的深层重构，进而呈现出我国历史教育从“知识传递”到“三维目标”再到“核心素养”的演进脉络，折射出历史教育从教师中心到学生中心、从被动接受到主动建构、从应试导向到素养导向的转变过程。

Abstract: Since 1988, Professor Youxi Yu’s Teaching Methods of Middle School History has undergone three revisions, and each revision reflects the educational reforms in the field of history education in China. This paper takes the constructivist learning theory as the core analytical framework, conducts a comparative analysis of the content changes in the four versions of Teaching Methods of Middle School History, and focuses on the two core dimensions of history teaching objectives and teaching evaluation. It can be concluded that the essence of the revisions of the four versions lies in the in-depth reconstruction of the knowledge concept, student concept, and evaluation concept in China’s history education. Furthermore, it presents the evolutionary context of China’s history education from “knowledge transmission” to “three-dimensional goals” and then to “core competencies”, reflecting the transformation process of history education from teacher-centered to student-centered, from passive reception to active construction, and from exam-oriented to competency-oriented.