色氨酸–犬尿氨酸代谢途径与有氧运动在 抑郁症治疗中的作用研究

Role of the Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway and Aerobic Exercise in the Treatment of Depression

摘要: 抑郁症作为全球高发的情感性精神障碍，现有药物与心理治疗存在诸多局限。研究表明，除经典发病假说外，色氨酸–犬尿氨酸代谢紊乱通过调控神经炎症与递质功能，在抑郁症发病中扮演重要角色，吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)激活引发的代谢产物失衡是核心环节。有氧运动作为极具潜力的非药物手段，可通过抑制促炎因子分泌、下调IDO活性，减少色氨酸向犬尿氨酸途径分流以保障5-羟色胺(5-HT)合成，同时调节犬尿氨酸代谢分支方向，协同改善神经递质失衡与神经炎症状态，且具备低成本、低依赖性等优势。有氧运动联合药物治疗可形成机制互补，进一步提升疗效。未来可进一步明确二者协同关系，优化个体化干预方案，为突破抑郁症治疗瓶颈提供新方向。

Abstract: Depression, as a globally prevalent affective disorder, has many limitations in existing medications and psychological treatments. Research has shown that, in addition to the classic theory of sick leave, tryptophan kynurenine metabolic disorders play an important role in the onset of depression by regulating neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter function. The imbalance of metabolites caused by the activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is the core link. Aerobic exercise, as a highly potential non pharmacological approach, can inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, downregulate IDO activity, reduce the diversion of tryptophan to the canine urea pathway to ensure the synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), while regulating the direction of canine urea metabolism branches, synergistically improving neurotransmitter imbalance and neuroinflammatory status, and has the advantages of low cost and low dependence. Aerobic exercise combined with medication therapy can form complementary mechanisms and further enhance therapeutic efficacy. In the future, the synergistic relationship between the two can be further clarified, personalized intervention plans can be optimized, and new directions can be provided to break through the bottleneck of depression treatment.