TENS联合柔性抗阻训练对慢性踝关节不稳患者姿势控制和本体感觉的影响

Effects of TENS Combined with Variable Resistance Training on Postural Control and Proprioception in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability

摘要: 慢性踝关节不稳(Chronic ankle instability, CAI)是一种进行性加重的功能障碍，在竞技体育、军事训练以及日常生活中较为多见，不仅严重影响患者日常生活能力，还可能诱发骨关节炎等不可逆性损伤。其特征为踝关节反复扭伤、运动控制能力下降以及本体感觉功能受损。传统康复手段多聚焦于肌力训练或机械性稳定，而忽视神经调控与生物力学适配的协同作用。本研究突破传统的临床康复手段，探究创新性整合个体化经皮神经电刺激(Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, TENS)联合人性化柔性抗阻训练，系统探究其对CAl患者运动功能的影响及神经肌肉调控机制。本项目旨在基于现有研究，系统梳理CAI的病理学特征及其对姿势控制和本体感觉的损害，并围绕TENS联合柔性抗阻训练治疗CAI展开探讨，重点分析该训练改善CAI患者姿势稳定性和本体感觉功能的内在机制与实效。文章最后总结当前研究的局限性，为CAI的康复实践与临床干预提供理论支持和实证参考。

Abstract: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a progressive functional impairment frequently observed in competitive sports, military training, and daily life. It not only significantly compromises patients’ daily living abilities but may also predispose individuals to irreversible damage such as osteoarthritis. Its hallmark features include recurrent ankle sprains, diminished motor control, and impaired proprioceptive function. Traditional rehabilitation approaches have predominantly focused on muscular strength training or mechanical stabilization, often overlooking the synergistic role of neuromodulation and biomechanical adaptation. Moving beyond conventional clinical rehabilitation paradigms, this study investigates the innovative integration of personalized Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) with individualized Variable Resistance Training. It aims to systematically examine the effects of this combined intervention on the motor function of CAI patients and the underlying neuromuscular regulatory mechanisms. This project is designed to synthesize existing research to systematically outline the pathological characteristics of CAI and its detrimental effects on postural control and proprioception. It will focus on exploring the combined application of TENS and Variable Resistance Training for CAI management, with a particular emphasis on analyzing the intrinsic mechanisms and practical efficacy through which this regimen improves postural stability and proprioceptive function in CAI patients. The article will conclude by summarizing the limitations of current research, thereby providing theoretical support and empirical references for rehabilitation practice and clinical intervention in CAI.