母乳外泌体的研究及临床应用
Research and Clinical Application of Breast Milk Exosomes
DOI: 10.12677/jcpm.2026.52122, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 张灿东:济宁医学院临床医学院附属医院,山东 济宁;马龙飞:济宁医学院附属医院关节与运动医学科,山东 济宁
关键词: 母乳外泌体外泌体Breast Milk Exosomes Exosomes
摘要: 母乳是新生儿的理想营养来源。除供给营养外,母乳中还含有大量纳米级细胞外囊泡,即外泌体。母乳外泌体携载蛋白质、微小核糖核酸(miRNAs)等多种功能分子,行使多种生物学功能,不仅参与调控机体免疫系统与肠道菌群的平衡,还可作为新型药物递送载体,跨越胃肠道屏障等生物屏障,靶向作用于目标组织,是极具潜力的药物递送系统。本文综述将阐述母乳外泌体的组成成分及其影响因素,同时探讨母乳外泌体作为疾病诊断生物标志物及天然药物递送载体的应用价值。随着对母乳外泌体生理功能与作用机制研究的不断深入,其在疾病诊断、药物递送及营养补充领域展现出广阔的应用前景,有望为健康相关生存质量提升及疾病治疗提供新的策略。
Abstract: Breast milk is the perfect nutrition for new life. In addition to providing nutrition, breast milk contains a large number of nanosized extracellular vesicles called exosomes. Breast exosomes carry a variety of functional molecules such as proteins, miRNAs, etc., and play different roles, which are involved in affecting the immune system and gut microbiota, and can also be used as a novel vehicle for drug delivery across biological barriers such as gastrointestinal barriers to reach the target tissues, making it a promising vehicle for drug delivery. In this review, we will discuss the composition of milk exosomes and the factors that influence its composition. In addition, we discussed the diagnostic biomarker of breast milk exosomes in disease and as natural drug delivery carriers. With the in-depth study of the physiological functions and mechanisms of breast milk exosomes, breast milk exosomes show great promise for applications in disease diagnosis, drug delivery, and nutritional supplementation, and are expected to be used in health-related quality of life and disease treatment.
文章引用:张灿东, 马龙飞. 母乳外泌体的研究及临床应用[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2026, 5(2): 226-247. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2026.52122

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