生物标志物在急性呼吸窘迫综合征风险分层中的应用进展
Advances in the Application of Biomarkers in Risk Stratification of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
摘要: 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)是一种是由肺内外多种致病因素引发的以肺泡毛细血管屏障损伤为核心病理特征的重症临床综合征。传统基于氧合指数的严重程度分级难以精准反映患者病情进展和预后差异，制约了个体化治疗策略的实施。生物标志物作为反映疾病病理生理过程的分子信号，可早期识别高风险人群、评估病情严重程度、预测预后及指导治疗应答，在ARDS风险分层中具有不可替代的价值。本文系统综述了炎症反应、肺上皮细胞损伤、肺毛细血管内皮细胞损伤相关生物标志物在ARDS风险分层中的研究进展，分析了生物标志物联合应用的策略，并对未来发展方向进行展望，为ARDS的精准诊疗提供参考。
Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by pulmonary alveolar capillary barrier damage as the core pathological feature, triggered by various pathogenic factors both inside and outside the lungs. The traditional severity grading based on oxygenation index is unable to accurately reflect the progression and prognosis differences of patients, which hinders the implementation of individualized treatment strategies. Biomarkers, as molecular signals reflecting the pathological and physiological process of the disease, can early identify high-risk individuals, assess the severity of the disease, predict prognosis and guide treatment responses. They have an irreplaceable value in the risk stratification of ARDS. This article systematically reviews the research progress of biomarkers related to inflammatory response, lung epithelial cell damage, and pulmonary capillary endothelial cell damage in the risk stratification of ARDS, analyzes the strategies of combined application of biomarkers, and looks forward to the future development direction, providing a reference for the precise diagnosis and treatment of ARDS.
文章引用：颜清芃, 周发春. 生物标志物在急性呼吸窘迫综合征风险分层中的应用进展[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2026, 5(2): 326-336. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2026.52132

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