病例报告：儿童重症反应性感染性皮肤黏膜疹1例

Case Report: A Case of Severe Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption (RIME) in Children

摘要: 目的：报告一例以口腔及眼部黏膜严重受累为主要表现的儿童反应性感染性皮肤黏膜疹(RIME)病例，并探讨其临床表现、免疫机制与治疗策略。方法：通过回顾性分析患者的详细病史、临床表现及实验室检查结果，梳理RIME的诊断依据及其治疗策略。结果：患儿表现为重度黏膜炎，病原微生物宏基因组高通量测序(mNGS)提示病毒感染。经系统性抗炎、抗病毒、黏膜护理及支持治疗后病情好转，黏膜损伤逐渐恢复。结论：提示临床医生应早期识别RIME，并尽早启动规范化治疗以改善预后。同时，本文提出病毒感染亦可能为RIME的诱因之一。

Abstract: Objective: To report a pediatric case of reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) presenting primarily with severe oral and ocular mucosal involvement, and to explore its clinical manifestations, immune mechanisms, and treatment strategies. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patient’s detailed medical history, clinical manifestations, and laboratory findings. Based on these data, the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for RIME were systematically summarized. Results: The pediatric patient presented with severe mucositis. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) indicated a viral infection. Following systemic anti-inflammatory therapy, antiviral therapy, local mucosal care, and supportive treatment, the patient’s condition improved, and the mucosal lesions gradually resolved. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early recognition and the prompt initiation of standardized treatment to improve the prognosis of RIME. Furthermore, it suggests that viral infections may also serve as a potential trigger for this condition.