脂肪组织中的线粒体功能研究

Research on Mitochondrial Function in Adipose Tissue

摘要: 脂肪组织是人体内重要的代谢与分泌器官，承担能量存储与代谢、分泌与免疫调节等多种生理功能。线粒体是重要的细胞器，具有细胞呼吸、糖脂代谢、细胞凋亡和线粒体自噬等功能。脂肪组织中的线粒体功能障碍是许多代谢性疾病的病因，会导致细胞呼吸功能下降、糖脂代谢紊乱、氧化应激、分泌紊乱和线粒体自噬失调等，被认为是脂肪组织炎症产生的重要原因。通过对上述内容的综述，了解到脂肪组织中线粒体承担的重要生理功能以及线粒体质量控制在维持线粒体功能中的作用，为改善脂肪组织炎症与代谢紊乱的靶点研究提供思路和理论依据。

Abstract: Adipose tissue is an important metabolic and endocrine organ involved in energy storage, metabolic regulation, and immune responses. Mitochondria play essential roles in cellular respiration, lipid metabolism, apoptosis, and mitochondrial quality control. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction in adipose tissue is closely associated with metabolic disorders and contributes to decreased respiratory capacity, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, dysregulated secretion, and impaired mitophagy. These alterations are considered important factors in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the physiological functions of mitochondria in adipose tissue, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of mitochondrial quality control, particularly mitophagy, in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. These findings provide potential insights and theoretical basis for identifying therapeutic targets aimed at improving adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic disorders.