健康生态学视角下养老机构老年人跌倒风险的分析及对策建议

Analysis of Fall Risks among the Elderly in Nursing Homes from the Perspective of Health Ecology and Countermeasures

摘要: 随着我国人口老龄化进程的加快，老年人健康问题尤其是跌倒风险，已成为突出的公共卫生挑战。养老机构作为老年人集中居住的主要场域，其跌倒风险具有集中性与可控性特征，但当前防跌倒实践多呈现碎片化，缺乏系统性的治理框架。本研究基于健康生态学视角，从微观、中观、宏观三个层面，系统分析养老机构老年人跌倒的多维成因，旨在突破碎片化干预的局限，构建系统化的防跌倒体系，为提升养老机构服务质量、保障老年人晚年安全与尊严提供理论参考与实践指引。

Abstract: With the acceleration of the aging process in China, the health issues of the elderly, especially the risk of falls, have become a prominent public health challenge. As the main place where the elderly live in groups, elderly care institutions have the characteristics of concentrated and controllable fall risks. However, the current fall prevention practices in these institutions are mostly fragmented and lack a systematic governance framework. Based on the perspective of health ecology, this study systematically analyzes the multi-dimensional causes of falls among the elderly in elderly care institutions from the micro, meso, and macro levels. The aim is to break through the limitations of fragmented interventions and construct a systematic fall prevention system, providing theoretical references and practical guidance for improving the quality of services in elderly care institutions and ensuring the safety and dignity of the elderly in their later years.