学龄前阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停儿童肠道菌群结构变化初步研究

Preliminary Study of Gut Microbiota Alterations in Preschool Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在探讨学龄前阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)儿童肠道菌群结构特征及其与疾病发生发展的相关性。方法：本研究采用病例对照研究设计，共纳入60例3~6岁学龄前儿童，其中OSA组30例，健康对照组30例。所有研究对象均接受多导睡眠监测(PSG)检查，采集符合条件受试者新鲜粪便样本(共18例)，采用16S rRNA基因测序技术分析肠道菌群结构，并通过生物信息学方法进行多样性分析和差异菌群鉴定。结果：OSA组儿童的肠道菌群结构组成与健康儿童存在差异，表现为多种菌群失调，主要表现为双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)等7种菌群。结论：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)会导致学龄前儿童肠道菌群多样性发生改变，参与多种疾病的发生发展。

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the structural characteristics of intestinal flora in preschool children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its correlation with the occurrence and development of the disease. Methods: A case-control study design was adopted in this study, and 60 preschool children aged 3~6 years were included, including 30 OSA group and 30 healthy control group. All the subjects were diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG), and fresh fecal samples (18 cases in total) were collected. The structure of intestinal flora was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology, and the diversity analysis and differential flora identification were carried out by bioinformatics methods. Results: There were differences in the composition of intestinal flora between children in OSA group and healthy children, showing a variety of flora imbalance, mainly including seven kinds of flora such as Bifidobacterium, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) will lead to changes in the diversity of intestinal flora in preschool children and participate in the occurrence and development of many diseases.