回归“生活世界”：胡塞尔对欧洲危机的阐释与批判

Returning to the “Life-World”: Edmund Husserl’s Interpretation and Critique of the European Crisis

摘要: “生活世界”是胡塞尔后期哲学中的核心概念之一，是对欧洲危机的深刻回应，也是其现象学发展的逻辑必然。胡塞尔从经验实在与纯粹先验现象的双重层面把握“生活世界”，并在此基础上对近代自然科学的深刻批判，指出其以数学化、理念化的方式排斥生活世界的相对性、拒斥形而上学追问并漠视人的价值与意义。正是这种对生活世界根基的遗忘导致欧洲的科学危机与人性危机。胡塞尔提出回归生活世界，通过现象学还原，在先验主体性中重建生活的意义。

Abstract: The “life-world” is one of the core concepts in Edmund Husserl’s later philosophy, serving as both a profound response to the crisis of Europe and a logical necessity in the development of his phenomenology. Husserl comprehends the “life-world” on the dual levels of empirical reality and pure transcendental phenomena. On this basis, he delivers a profound critique of modern natural science, pointing out that it excludes the relativity of the life-world, rejects metaphysical inquiry, and disregards human value and meaning through its reliance on mathematization and idealization. It is precisely this forgetting of the foundation of the life-world that has led to the crisis of European sciences and the crisis of humanity. Husserl proposes a return to the life-world, aiming to reconstruct the meaning of life within transcendental subjectivity through phenomenological reduction.