柯亨对历史唯物主义的功能解释

Kohen’s Functional Interpretation of Historical Materialism

摘要: 对历史唯物主义的质疑自其创立起就始终存在，各界学者对其产生不同理解和意见，对其解读总是充满着含混甚至矛盾之处。柯亨作为分析马克思主义的创建者和代表人物，以重建、发展历史唯物主义为核心任务。柯亨在他的代表作《马克思的历史理论：一种辩护》中，提出“功能解释”理论，主张唯物史观是一种功能解释。他用分析哲学的方法研究马克思的历史理论，分析地表述基本概念并通过解释性命题把它们结合起来，对历史唯物主义做出新的阐释。批判柯亨关于马克思历史理论的分析，为我们研究唯物主义提供了新的思考，也为全面认识马克思历史唯物主义提供了新的思考。

Abstract: Doubts about historical materialism have persisted since its inception, with scholars across disciplines offering varied interpretations that often contain ambiguities or even contradictions. Karl Kuhn, as the founder and leading figure of analytical Marxism, dedicated himself to reconstructing and advancing historical materialism. In his seminal work *Marx’s Historical Theory: A Defense*, Kuhn proposed the “functional interpretation” theory, asserting that historical materialism constitutes a functional explanation. Employing analytical philosophy, he examined Marx’s historical theories by clarifying fundamental concepts and integrating them through interpretive propositions, thereby offering fresh perspectives on historical materialism. Critiquing Kuhn’s analysis of Marx’s historical theory not only provides new insights for studying materialism but also enhances our comprehensive understanding of Marx’s historical materialism.