《资本论》中马克思货币思想的出场语境、内涵布展与当代价值

The Contextual Emergence, Content Presentation and Contemporary Value of Marx’s Monetary Thought in “Das Kapital”

摘要: 在《资本论》中，马克思的货币思想已臻成熟。从出场语境看，其思想源于对古典学派货币思想的批判性继承、基于对商品交换现实实践的深刻把握，并回应于对资本主义社会货币拜物教现象的深入观察，这三者分别构成了其出场的思想、实践与时代语境；从内涵布展看，马克思系统阐述了货币何以产生、货币因何产生以及货币拜物教如何消解的问题；从当代价值看，《资本论》中马克思货币思想为批判资本主义意识形态、反对新自由主义价值观提供了思想武器，为促使人的本质复归、实现自由而全面发展提供了价值引领，为抵制拜金主义、倡导勤劳致富提供了实践导向。

Abstract: In “Das Kapital”, Marx’s monetary thought had reached maturity. From the perspective of its emergence context, his thought originated from the critical inheritance of the monetary thought of the classical school, was based on a profound grasp of the reality of commodity exchange, and responded to the in-depth observation of the phenomenon of money fetishism in capitalist society. These three aspects respectively constituted the ideological, practical and contemporary context of its emergence; from the perspective of the unfolding of its content, Marx systematically expounded on the questions of how money came into being, why it came into being, and how the fetishism of money could be dispelled; from the perspective of contemporary value, Marx’s monetary thought in “Das Kapital” provided ideological weapons for criticizing the capitalist ideology and opposing the values of neoliberalism, offered value guidance for the return of human nature and the realization of free and all-round development, and provided practical orientation for resisting the worship of money and advocating the pursuit of wealth through hard work.