文化翻译理论下《红楼梦》中的服饰文化翻译——以杨、霍译本为例

The Translation of Clothing Culture in A Dream of Red Mansions from the Perspective of Cultural Translation Theory —Taking the Yang and Hawkes Versions as Examples

摘要: 在全球化文化互鉴背景下，《红楼梦》服饰描写作为中华传统文化的重要载体，承载着等级及人物塑造等丰富内涵。本文以杨宪益，霍克思《红楼梦》英译本为研究对象，立足文化翻译理论，从文化意象传递性、接受语境适应性、翻译策略阐释性三个核心维度，对译本中的服饰文化翻译案例进行系统分析。研究发现，杨宪益通过直译加注、意译重构、文化对等词替换等策略，在保留源语服饰文化内核与适配目标语读者认知之间实现了动态平衡，既传递了清代服饰的文化符号意义，又完成了文化意象的跨语际再生，为中华服饰文化乃至古典文学的跨文化传播提供参考与借鉴。

Abstract: Against the background of global cultural exchange and mutual learning, the descriptions of clothing in A Dream of Red Mansions, as an important carrier of traditional Chinese culture, bear rich connotations such as hierarchy and character portrayal. Taking Yang Xianyi’s English version of A Dream of Red Mansions and Hawkes’ version as the research object, this paper systematically analyzes the clothing culture translation cases in the version from three core dimensions of cultural translation theory: the transmissibility of cultural images, the adaptability of the receiving context, and the interpretability of translation strategies. The study finds that through strategies such as literal translation with notes, free translation and reconstruction, and cultural equivalent replacement, Yang Xianyi has achieved a dynamic balance between retaining the cultural core of the source language clothing and adapting to the cognitive needs of target language readers. He not only conveys the cultural symbolic significance of Qing Dynasty clothing, but also completes the cross-linguistic regeneration of cultural images, providing reference for the cross-cultural communication of Chinese clothing culture and even classical literature.