基于概念整合理论的纳西东巴文动作动词意义建构研究

A Conceptual Blending Approach to Meaning Construction in Naxi Dongba Action Verbs

摘要: 本研究基于概念整合理论揭示纳西东巴文动作动词的意义建构机制。研究结果显示：(1) 东巴文动作动词的意义构建可归入情景、位置、题元角色和功能四类认知框架，分别占26.71%、10.27%、49.67%和13.35%，呈现出“题元角色框架占主导、其他框架互为补充”的整体格局，反映了东巴文在编码动作事件时对参与者关系、场景识别、空间定位和具身经验的综合依赖。(2) 四类框架的意义建构路径具有显著差异：情景框架通过整体场景匹配激活动作概念，位置框架以方位关系整合空间信息，题元角色框架借由角色补全实现事件结构压缩，功能框架则将身体部位的原型功能直接事件化。研究表明，概念整合理论能够有效解释东巴文图像构件、事件知识与文化经验之间的跨模态映射机制，为阐释东巴文的事件语义组织提供了新的理论视角，也为跨文字体系的动作语义类型学研究提供了重要参考。

Abstract: Drawing on Conceptual Blending Theory, this study examines the cognitive mechanisms underlying the meaning construction of action verbs in the Naxi Dongba script. The findings show that: (1) the semantic construction of Dongba action verbs can be categorized into four cognitive framework types—situational, locational, thematic-role, and functional—accounting for 26.71%, 10.27%, 49.67% and 13.35% of the data, respectively. This distribution reveals a “thematic-role-dominant, mutually complementary” system, indicating that Dongba encodes action events through an integrated reliance on participant structure, scene recognition, spatial configuration, and embodied experience. (2) The four framework types exhibit distinct integration pathways: situational frameworks activate action concepts through holistic scene matching; locational frameworks integrate spatial information via configurational relations; thematic-role frameworks achieve event-structure compression through role complementation; and functional frameworks directly eventify the prototypical functions of body parts. Overall, the study demonstrates that Conceptual Blending Theory effectively accounts for the cross-modal mapping among graphic components, event knowledge, and cultural experience in the Dongba script. The results offer a new theoretical perspective on the event-semantic organization of early pictographic writing systems and contribute to cross-script research on the typology of action semantics.