残余胆固醇与心血管疾病：从机制到临床的 综合进展
Residual Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Diseases: Comprehensive Progress from the Mechanism to the Clinical Application
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641488, PDF,   
作者: 田 薇*：北华大学临床医学院，吉林 吉林；马鸿雁#：北华大学附属医院心内科，吉林 吉林
关键词: 残余胆固醇；动脉粥样硬化；冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病；Residual Cholesterol； Atherosclerosis； Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease
摘要: 残余胆固醇(Remnant Cholesterol, RC)作为脂蛋白代谢的关键中间产物，其病理生理意义逐渐超越传统脂质指标，成为心血管疾病、2型糖尿病等代谢相关疾病的重要风险指标。RC水平升高与动脉粥样硬化进展、冠心病、缺血性脑卒中及心血管事件风险显著相关，且这种关联独立于低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C)等传统指标，在机制层面，RC能够经由引发血管内皮功能异常、氧化应激加剧、炎症反应激活及泡沫细胞形成等途径，加速动脉粥样硬化的病理发展过程。在代谢领域，RC是普通人新发2型糖尿病(Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, T2DM)的独立预测因子，其机制与干扰胰岛素通路，诱发胰腺β细胞功能损伤有关。
Abstract: Residual cholesterol (RC) is a key intermediate product in lipid metabolism. Its pathological and physiological significance has gradually surpassed traditional lipid indicators and has become an important risk factor for metabolic-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Elevated RC levels are significantly associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and the risk of cardiovascular events. This association is independent of traditional indicators such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and operates at the mechanism level. RC can accelerate the pathological process of atherosclerosis by promoting vascular endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and foam cell formation. In the field of metabolism, RC is an independent predictor of new-onset type 2 diabetes in the general population, and its mechanism is related to interfering with the insulin pathway and inducing pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
文章引用：田薇, 马鸿雁. 残余胆固醇与心血管疾病：从机制到临床的 综合进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 2385-2396. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641488

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