孤独症谱系障碍个体生命性注意偏向的研究进展

Research Progress on Animate Attention Bias in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)个体在社会信息加工过程中常表现出异常。其中，对生命体的注意尤其关键。生命性注意偏向(Animate Attention Bias)是指个体在注意过程中优先觉察与加工生命性刺激，是社会认知的重要基础。近年来，研究者开始关注ASD个体在生命性注意偏向上的表现，但相关发现尚存争议。本文通过回顾以往的研究及相关文献，系统梳理了ASD个体生命性注意偏向的表现，探讨其潜在的认知机制和神经基础，旨在为理解ASD个体的社会注意特点及其发展机制提供参考。

Abstract: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often exhibit atypical patterns during social information processing. Among these processes, attention to animate entities is particularly important. The animate attention bias, defined as the preferential detection and processing of animate stimuli during attentional allocation, serves as a fundamental component of social cognition. In recent years, researchers have begun to investigate animate attention bias in individuals with ASD, though findings in this area remain inconsistent. This paper systematically reviews previous studies and relevant literature to synthesize manifestations of animate attention bias in ASD, examines its underlying cognitive mechanisms and neural substrates, and aims to provide insights into the characteristics and developmental mechanisms of social attention in this population.