EGFR 20外显子插入突变非小细胞 肺癌靶向治疗的研究进展
Advances in Targeted Therapy for EGFR Exon 20 Insertion-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641492, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 苗贤媛*, 彭忠忠, 张西凯#：宁波市杭州湾医院肿瘤内科，浙江 宁波；王凯峰：宁波市杭州湾医院肿瘤内科，浙江 宁波；上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肿瘤内科，上海
关键词: 非小细胞肺癌；EGFR 20外显子插入突变；靶向治疗；Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer； EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations； Targeted Therapies
摘要: 表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)是非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)最常见的致癌驱动基因之一，其中大约1.8%~3%的NSCLC患者存在EGFR 20外显子插入突变(EGFR exon 20 insertion, EGFR ex20ins)，EGFR ex20ins突变异质性强，不同插入位点亚型临床获益不同，对EGFR经典突变靶向药物敏感性差，但随着针对EGFR ex20ins突变的靶向药物相继问世，这些非经典位点突变的患者生存期得到了明显改善。本文将对EGFR ex20ins的分子机制及相关药物的最新研究成果进行全面总结。
Abstract: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the most common oncogenic driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with approximately 1.8% to 3% of NSCLC patients harboring EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations (EGFR ex20ins). EGFR ex20ins exhibits high heterogeneity, and clinical benefits vary across different insertion subtypes. These mutations are generally insensitive to targeted agents used for classical EGFR mutations. However, with the successive development of targeted therapies specifically designed for EGFR ex20ins, the survival of patients harboring these non-classical mutations has improved significantly. This review provides a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying EGFR ex20ins and the latest research advances in related therapeutic agents.
文章引用：苗贤媛, 彭忠忠, 王凯峰, 张西凯. EGFR 20外显子插入突变非小细胞 肺癌靶向治疗的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 2421-2429. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641492

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