新生产模式下机加车间调度问题的建模求解算法研究

Research on Modeling and Solution Algorithms for Machining Workshop Scheduling under the New Production Mode

摘要: 为了进一步降低零件生产制造成本，工厂采取了部分工序外协的生产模式。机加车间一直依靠主管调度凭借个人经验对生产任务进行排程及外协生产厂家的任务分配，但随着生产任务加剧、产品种类增多，采用传统排程方式导致的排程时间较长、准确率不足、生产节点频繁调整等问题日益凸显。本文依据工厂生产管理和质量体系要求，结合实做工时数据，以总超期时间节点最短为目标函数进行建模，利用遗传算法通过PyCharm软件对模型进行求解。研究结果表明：针对新生产模式下机加排产问题，通过找出工序类型与生产资源对应关系将二者联系起来，利用遗传算法和实做工时可以有效解决排产问题，显著提高车间排程的效率和准确率。

Abstract: To further reduce the manufacturing costs of part production, the factory has adopted a production mode with external outsourcing for partial processes. The machining workshop has long relied on the supervisor to schedule production tasks and allocate outsourcing assignments to external manufacturers based on personal experience. However, with the surge in production tasks and the increase in product varieties, the problems caused by the traditional scheduling method have become increasingly prominent, such as long scheduling time, insufficient accuracy, and frequent adjustments to production milestones. In accordance with the requirements of the factory's production management and quality system, this paper establishes a mathematical model with the objective function of minimizing the total overdue production milestones by integrating the standard time data of working procedures. The genetic algorithm is applied to solve the model via the PyCharm software platform. The results demonstrate that for the machining scheduling problem under the novel production paradigm, by establishing the mapping relationship between process types and production resources, the integration of genetic algorithm and actual processing time can effectively address the scheduling issue, thereby significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of workshop scheduling.