厚朴麻黄汤治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者的临床研究综述

Clinical Research Review on Houpo Mahuang Decoction in the Treatment of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)作为呼吸系统常见急症，具有病程迁延、复发率高、病死率高的特点，已成为全球重要的公共卫生问题。2020年全球COPD死亡人数达317万，其中约30%的死因与AECOPD直接相关。西医常规治疗以支气管扩张剂、糖皮质激素、抗生素为主，但长期应用易引发耐药性、骨质疏松、血糖升高等不良反应，部分患者疗效欠佳。厚朴麻黄汤作为《金匮要略》中的经典经方，具有“宣肺降气、散寒化饮、清热平喘”的功效，在AECOPD治疗中展现出独特优势。本文系统梳理厚朴麻黄汤治疗AECOPD的中医理论基础、临床研究现状，结局指标改善情况，分析当前研究存在的问题与发展趋势，为临床应用和后续研究提供参考。

Abstract: Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD), a common acute disease of the respiratory system, is characterized by prolonged course, high recurrence rate and high mortality, and has become an important global public health problem. In 2020, the global number of deaths from COPD reached 3.17 million, of which about 30% were directly related to AECOPD. Routine Western medicine treatment mainly includes bronchodilators, glucocorticoids and antibiotics, but long-term application is prone to cause adverse reactions such as drug resistance, osteoporosis and elevated blood glucose, and some patients have poor curative effect. As a classic ancient formula recorded in Jin Kui Yao Lue (Synopsis of the Golden Chamber), Houpo Mahuang Decoction has the effects of “dispersing lung qi to descend qi, dispelling cold to resolve fluid retention, clearing heat to relieve asthma”, and has shown unique advantages in the treatment of AECOPD. This article systematically combs the TCM theoretical basis, current status of clinical research, and improvement of outcome indicators of Houpo Mahuang Decoction in the treatment of AECOPD, analyzes the existing problems and development trends of current research, and provides references for clinical application and follow-up research.