成纤维细胞生长因子19表达与胃癌患者预后相关性分析

Correlation Analysis between FGF19 Expression and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在评估成纤维细胞生长因子19在胃癌组织中的表达特征，并探讨其与患者临床病理特征、预后的关系。方法：采用TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas, TCGA)的公开表达谱及临床随访数据，通过UALCAN在线数据平台，分析成纤维细胞生长因子19 (Fibroblast Growth Factor 19, FGF19)在胃癌组织的表达及其与预后的关系；采用免疫组织化学法检测安徽医科大学第二附属医院2021年10月~2025年4月收治的115例胃癌手术患者病理组织中的FGF19，采用配对样本Willcoxon检验分析癌与癌旁FGF19表达水平差异，采用二元Logistic回归评估FGF19表达与临床病理特征的相关性，Kaplan-Meier法分析患者预后差异。结果：生信分析结果显示胃癌组织中FGF19表达水平显著高于癌旁组织(P < 0.001)，FGF19高表达与总生存期(Overall Survival, OS)无显著相关。在亚组分析中，男性、亚洲人的胃癌组织FGF19明显升高。胃癌手术患者病理标本免疫组化结果显示，癌组织中FGF19表达显著高于癌旁组织(P < 0.001)；高FGF19表达与较短的RFS相关(P = 0.024)。结论：FGF19在胃癌组织中显著高表达，并与较短的无病生存期密切相关。FGF19可作为预测胃癌复发风险的潜在分子标志物，为个体化随访和精准治疗提供参考。

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the expression profile of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 (FGF19) in Gastric Cancer (GC) tissues and to investigate its associations with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis. Methods: Public gene expression profiles and clinical follow-up data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were utilized. The UALCAN online platform was employed to analyze FGF19 expression levels in GC tissues and their correlation with overall survival. Additionally, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to detect FGF19 protein expression in pathological specimens from 115 GC patients who underwent surgical resection at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between October 2021 and April 2025. A paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare FGF19 expression levels between tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between FGF19 expression and clinicopathological features. Patient prognosis was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that FGF19 mRNA expression was significantly higher in GC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). While high FGF19 expression showed no significant correlation with Overall Survival (OS) in the TCGA cohort, subgroup analyses indicated significantly elevated FGF19 levels in male patients and Asian populations. IHC results from the surgical cohort confirmed that FGF19 protein expression was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues compared to paired adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). Furthermore, high FGF19 expression was significantly associated with shorter Recurrence-Free Survival (RFS) (P = 0.024). Conclusion: FGF19 is significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and is closely associated with a shorter recurrence-free survival. FGF19 serves as a potential molecular biomarker for predicting the risk of recurrence in GC, providing a reference for individualized follow-up strategies and precision therapy.