近五年针灸治疗原发性痛经的临床研究进展

Advances in Clinical Research of Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Five-Year Review (2021~2025)

摘要: 原发性痛经是妇科常见病之一，严重影响女性生活质量。近年来，针灸因其疗效显著、副作用小、操作简便等优势，逐渐成为临床治疗原发性痛经的重要方法之一。本文基于近五年(2021~2025年)相关文献，系统综述针灸治疗原发性痛经的临床研究进展，包括单纯针刺、温针灸、电针、浮针、穴位埋线、针药结合、针灸联合其他疗法等多种治疗方法的疗效观察、机制探讨及研究趋势。文献表明，针灸治疗原发性痛经在缓解疼痛、改善伴随症状、调节内分泌及子宫血流等方面具有显著优势，且远期疗效优于单纯西药治疗。未来应进一步规范研究设计，构建核心指标集，推动针灸临床研究的国际化与标准化。

Abstract: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the common gynecological disorders, significantly impacting the quality of life of affected women. In recent years, acupuncture and moxibustion, owing to its notable therapeutic efficacy, minimal side effects, and simplicity of operation, has gradually become one of the important methods in the clinical treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Based on relevant literature from the past five years (2021~2025), this paper systematically reviews the clinical research progress of acupuncture and moxibustion for primary dysmenorrhea. This includes observations on the therapeutic effects, explorations of mechanisms, and research trends of various treatment modalities such as simple acupuncture, warm-needling acupuncture, electroacupuncture, fu’s subcutaneous needling, acupoint catgut embedding, acupuncture combined with medication, and acupuncture integrated with other therapies. Literature indicates that acupuncture and moxibustion offer significant advantages in alleviating pain, improving accompanying symptoms, and regulating endocrine function and uterine blood flow in treating primary dysmenorrhea, with long-term effects superior to Western medication alone. Future efforts should focus on further standardizing research designs and establishing a core outcome set to promote the internationalization and standardization of clinical research in acupuncture and moxibustion.