黄河流域居民参与横向生态补偿的困境与突破

Dilemma and Breakthrough of Residents’ Participation in Horizontal Ecological Compensation in the Yellow River Basin

摘要: 黄河流域横向生态补偿机制呈现“政府主导、行政推动”的路径依赖，使流域居民参与不足。作为生态保护的直接贡献者，居民面临主体地位模糊、资金发放缺位及监督渠道缺失等多重障碍。为此，本文提出四维突破路径：完善立法体系以确保居民参与地位；构建信息公开机制以保障公众知情权；重构分配模式以实现资金精准补贴；健全考核反馈体系以纳入公众参与实效，旨在构建“政府引导、居民主体、市场运作、社会协同”的多元共治新格局。

Abstract: The horizontal ecological compensation mechanism in the Yellow River Basin is trapped in a path dependency of “government-led, administration-driven”, resulting in insufficient participation of basin residents. As direct contributors to ecological conservation, residents face multiple obstacles, including ambiguous subject status, inadequate fund disbursement, and a lack of supervisory channels. To address this, this paper proposes a four-dimensional breakthrough path: improving the legislative system to affirm residents’ participation status; establishing an information disclosure mechanism to safeguard the public’s right to know; reconstructing the distribution model to achieve precise financial subsidies; and perfecting the assessment and feedback system to incorporate the effectiveness of public participation. The goal is to build a new multi-governance pattern featuring “government guidance, resident-ship, market operations, and social synergy”.