维吾尔语形容词支配名词性成分的语法功能及其阅读材料中的统计分析

Grammatical Functions of Uyghur Adjectives in Governing Nominal Elements and Their Statistical Analysis in Reading Materials

摘要: 在现代维吾尔语中，形容词不仅发挥着修饰名词、充当定语的常规语法功能，还具备了在句中作为谓词并支配名词性成分的特殊功能。在形容词支配名词性成分的过程中，维吾尔语形容词会要求名词性成分以特定的格形式出现或结合后置词与之相配。本文主要研究维吾尔语在与名词性成分之间的支配关系，探究形容词在支配名词性成分时具体要求的格形式或后置词，以及在句子中充当的成分。通过细致地分析和总结，揭示出维吾尔语形容词在支配名词性成分的规律，为维吾尔语的学习者、教学者以及语言学研究者提供一定的参考。

Abstract: In Modern Uyghur, adjectives possess not only the conventional grammatical function of modifying nouns as attributes but also the distinctive capability of serving as predicates and governing nominal complements within a clause. When fulfilling this predicative role, adjectives mandate that the accompanying nominal elements appear in specific case forms or in combination with particular postpositions. This paper focuses on the government relations between Uyghur adjectives and nominal constituents. It systematically investigates the specific case markers or postpositions required by adjectives when they govern nominal complements, as well as the syntactic roles these constructions assume. Through detailed analysis and synthesis, the study aims to elucidate the governing patterns of adjectives over nominal elements in Uyghur. The findings are intended to serve as a reference for Uyghur language learners, instructors, and researchers in linguistics.