网络流行语英译研究：语境与意图——语用等效视角下的国际传播考察

A Study on English Translation of Chinese Internet Catchwords: Context and Intention—A Pragmatic Equivalence Perspective

摘要: 在全球化与数字媒介深度融合的背景下，汉语网络流行语逐渐进入国际媒体与跨文化交际场域，成为外界理解当代中国社会心态的重要语言资源。然而，此类表达高度依赖特定社会语境，承载鲜明情感态度与价值立场，其英译过程中易出现语境缺失与意图偏移问题。本文以语用等效理论为框架，选取1994~2024年具有代表性的汉语网络流行语为例，考察其在不同国际传播场景中的翻译策略。研究发现，有效英译需实现语境适配与意图传递的协同：译者应通过文化替代、语境补充与意象调适重构目标语语境，并以言语行为与交际功能为导向，确保原有评价与情感意图得以传达。本文认为，网络流行语英译是一种面向国际受众的语用再创造过程，译者主体性的合理发挥对提升中国网络文化的对外传播效果具有重要意义。

Abstract: Chinese Internet catchwords have increasingly entered international media discourse and cross-cultural communication in the context of globalization and digital media convergence, serving as an important linguistic resource for understanding contemporary Chinese social mentality. However, these expressions are highly context-dependent and carry distinct emotional and evaluative intentions, which often lead to contextual loss and pragmatic deviation in translation. Guided by the theory of pragmatic equivalence, this study examines representative Chinese Internet catchwords from 1994 to 2024 and explores their translation strategies across different international communication settings. The findings indicate that effective translation relies on the coordination of contextual adaptation and intention transmission. Translators are required to reconstruct intelligible contexts through cultural substitution, contextual supplementation, and imagery adjustment, while ensuring the conveyance of evaluative and emotional intentions from a speech-act perspective. This study argues that the translation of Internet catchwords constitutes a process of pragmatic recreation oriented toward international audiences, in which the translator’s subjectivity plays a crucial role in enhancing the global dissemination of Chinese digital culture.