递增式血液透析对终末期肾病患者 生活质量的影响

Effect of Incremental Hemodialysis on Quality of Life in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

摘要: 目的：探讨递增式血液透析对终末期肾病患者生活质量的影响。方法：选取2023年12月至2024年12月在内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院新开始进行血液透析治疗的60例慢性肾脏病5期患者，随机分为递增组(n = 30)和常规组(n = 30)，分别接受递增式血液透析和常规血液透析。对比两组残余肾功能及生活质量简表评分。结果：两组间基线资料差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。随访6个月、随访12个月，递增组残肾尿素清除率(KRU)高于常规组(P < 0.05)。随访3个月时，递增组在生理功能、躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、活力、社会功能维度评分均高于常规组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；随访6个月、12个月时，递增组在KDQOL-SF量表8个维度评分均高于常规组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：递增式血液透析能更好地保护慢性肾脏病5期患者残余肾功能，改善患者生活质量，值得临床推广。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of incremental hemodialysis on quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: A total of 60 patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 who newly initiated hemodialysis at The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology from December 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into an incremental group (n = 30) and a conventional group (n = 30), receiving incremental hemodialysis and conventional hemodialysis respectively. Residual renal function and Short-Form Health Survey scores were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). At 6 and 12 months of follow-up, the residual renal urea clearance (KRU) in the incremental group was higher than that in the conventional group (P < 0.05). At 3 months of follow-up, the incremental group had significantly higher scores in physical function, bodily pain, general health, vitality, and social function than the conventional group (P < 0.05). At 6 and 12 months of follow-up, the incremental group had significantly higher scores in all 8 dimensions of the KDQOL-SF scale than the conventional group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Incremental hemodialysis can better protect residual renal function and improve quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5, and is worthy of clinical application.