患者积极度与自我效能对中青年2型糖尿病 患者健康行为影响的路径分析
Pathway Analysis of Patient Engagement and Self-Efficacy on Health Behaviors in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1641559, PDF,   
作者: 徐 影：山东医药大学护理学院，山东 烟台；龙口市人民医院内分泌科一病区，山东 烟台；都丽丽*：烟台市烟台山医院门诊部，山东 烟台
关键词: 2型糖尿病；中青年；健康行为；积极度；自我效能；Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus； Young and Middle-Aged Adults； Health Behaviors； Positivity； Self-Efficacy
摘要: 目的：以健康行为过程取向理论模型为框架，探讨积极度、自我效能在中青年2型糖尿病患者疾病风险感知与健康行为中的作用路径。方法：以便利抽样法选取444例中青年2型糖尿病患者，采用一般资料调查表、糖尿病风险感知量表、患者积极度量表、健康行为能力自评量表及糖尿病自我效能感量表进行调查，构建结构方程模型分析作用路径。结果：中青年2型糖尿病患者健康行为得分为(66.10 ± 20.61)。中介效应分析显示，积极度与自我效能在中青年2型糖尿病患者疾病风险感知和健康行为间起链式中介效应，链式中介效应占总效应的5.87%。结论：积极度和自我效能的提升可缓冲风险感知的负面影响，促进健康行为。临床医护人员在弱化患者疾病风险感知的同时要加强患者心理层面的干预，以改善患者健康行为。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the mediating pathways of positivity and self-efficacy in disease risk perception and health behaviors among young and middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using the Health Behavior Process Orientation Theory model. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to select 444 young and middle-aged T2DM patients. Data collection included general demographic information, Diabetes Risk Perception Scale, Patient Positivity Scale, Health Behavior Competence Self-Rating Scale, and Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale. Structural equation modeling was conducted to analyze the mediating pathways. Results: The health behavior scores of young and middle-aged T2DM patients were (66.10 ± 20.61). Mediation analysis revealed that positivity and self-efficacy exerted chain-mediated effects on disease risk perception and health behaviors, accounting for 5.87% of the total effect. Conclusion: Enhanced positivity and self-efficacy can mitigate the negative impact of risk perception and promote health behaviors. Clinical healthcare providers should strengthen psychological interventions while reducing patients’ disease risk perception to improve health behaviors.
文章引用：徐影, 都丽丽. 患者积极度与自我效能对中青年2型糖尿病 患者健康行为影响的路径分析[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(4): 3009-3017. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1641559

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