父母监控与青少年自我控制的特点及影响机制

The Characteristics and Influencing Mechanism of Parental Monitoring and Adolescent Self-Control

摘要: 良好的自我控制是青少年实现长远目标、维护心理健康的重要品质，本研究以1256名中学生为研究对象，采用父母监控问卷、自我控制量表、自尊量表考察父母监控与青少年自我控制的特点及关系，并检验自尊的中介效应。研究结果发现：(1) 青少年的父母监控和自我控制水平在中等偏上，在不同年级以及生源地上存在显著差异；(2) 父母监控、自尊与青少年的自我控制两两呈显著正相关；(3) 自尊在父母监控与青少年自我控制的关系中发挥着中介作用。本研究结果对调整父母的养育方式，提升青少年的自尊水平以及增强自我控制具有借鉴意义。

Abstract: Effective self-control is a critical quality for adolescents to achieve long-term goals and maintain mental health. This study took 1256 middle school students as the research subjects and used the Parental Monitoring Questionnaire, Self-Control Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale to investigate the characteristics and relationship between parental monitoring and self-control of adolescents, and to test the mediating effect of self-esteem. The research results showed that: (1) The levels of parental monitoring and self-control among adolescents were above average, with significant differences across different grades and places of origin; (2) Parental monitoring, self-esteem and self-control of adolescents were significantly positively correlated in pairs; (3) Self-esteem played a mediating role in the relationship between parental monitoring and self-control. The results have reference significance for adjusting parenting styles, improving adolescents’ self-esteem and enhancing self-control.