近二十年国内外大学生风险决策研究的热点与趋势——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

Hotspots and Trends in Research on College Students’ Risk Decision-Making at Home and Abroad in the Past Two Decades—A Visualization Analysis Based on CiteSpace

摘要: 大学生处于成年早期向成熟期过渡的关键阶段，其风险决策能力深刻影响学业发展、职业选择与心理健康，是关乎个体成长与社会适应的重要议题。为系统梳理近二十年国内外该领域的发展脉络、研究力量分布、热点主题与演进趋势，本研究基于中国知网(CNKI)与Web of Science数据库，运用CiteSpace 6.4.2进行知识图谱可视化分析。结果表明：在发文时序上，国内外研究趋势总体同步，均在2017年达到峰值；在作者与机构合作方面，国内外核心作者合作网络均较为松散，国内研究机构以高校心理学、教育学院系为主，且跨区域合作相对匮乏，国外则形成以北美高校为核心的国际化协作网络；在研究热点上，国内侧重认知与心理健康议题，国外更关注个体特质与具体风险行为；在研究演进方面，国内外均呈现从单一变量分析向多因素交互及实践场景延伸的趋势，差异在于国内研究始于理论应用，国外则起步于实证机制探索。本研究可为该领域的理论深化与实践干预提供参考。

Abstract: College students are in a critical stage of transition from early adulthood to maturity, and their risk decision-making abilities profoundly affect academic development, career choices, and mental health, constituting an important issue concerning individual growth and social adaptation. To systematically sort out the development context, research force distribution, hot topics, and evolutionary trends in this field both domestically and internationally over the past two decades, this study conducted a knowledge map visualization analysis using CiteSpace 6.4.2, based on data from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science databases. The results show that in terms of publication chronology, domestic and international research trends are generally synchronized, both peaking in 2017; in terms of author and institutional collaboration, the core author networks in both domestic and international contexts are relatively loose, with domestic research institutions mainly being university psychology and education departments and relatively insufficient cross-regional cooperation, while international collaborative networks centered on North American universities have been formed abroad; in terms of research hotspots, domestic research focuses on cognitive and mental health issues, while international research pays more attention to individual traits and specific risk behaviors; in terms of research evolution, both domestic and international research show a trend from single-variable analysis to multi-factor interaction and extension to practical scenarios, with the difference that domestic research started with theoretical application, while international research began with empirical mechanism exploration. This study can provide a reference for theoretical deepening and practical intervention in this field.