新基建赋能城乡融合与农村电子商务内在逻辑

The Internal Logic of New Infrastructure Construction Enabling Urban-Rural Integration and Rural E-Commerce

摘要: 本文以新型基础设施为切入点，探究其通过重塑城乡关系对城乡电子商务发展的影响及作用机制。基于2013~2021年长江经济带11省市城市面板数据，构建新基建三维评价体系与城乡融合五维指标，采用双重机器学习模型进行实证检验，并分析公共服务供给能力提升、城镇化结构优化与人口合理流动的中介路径。研究发现，新基建显著促进城乡电子商务发展，且在多种稳健性检验下结论一致；其主要通过提升公共服务供给、完善物流网络与促进知识技能扩散发挥作用。研究表明，新基建通过赋能城乡融合进而推动电子商务发展，可为优化基础设施布局与缩小城乡数字鸿沟提供依据。

Abstract: This paper investigates the impact and mechanisms through which new infrastructure influences the development of urban and rural e-commerce by reshaping urban-rural relations. Using city-level panel data from 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt spanning 2013 to 2021, we construct a three-dimensional evaluation system for new infrastructure and a five-dimensional indicator framework for urban-rural integration. Employing a double machine learning model for empirical analysis, we examine the mediating roles of enhanced public service provision, optimization of urbanization structure, and orderly population mobility. The findings reveal that new infrastructure significantly promotes the development of urban and rural e-commerce, a conclusion that remains robust across various sensitivity tests. This positive effect operates primarily through improvements in public service delivery, logistics network development, and the diffusion of knowledge and skills. The study suggests that new infrastructure fosters e-commerce development by enabling urban-rural integration, providing insights for optimizing infrastructure planning and narrowing the urban-rural digital divide.