初中生自闭特质的现状调查及特征分析

A Survey on the Current Situation and Characteristic Analysis of Autistic Traits among Junior High School Students

摘要: 为探索初中生自闭特质的发展现状与群体特征，本研究以普通初中生为研究对象，系统考察其自闭特质在人口学及相关背景变量上的差异规律。结果表明，初中生自闭特质整体状况良好，但仍有部分个体存在孤独症谱系障碍潜在风险；其自闭特质在性别、年级、是否经常参与社交活动等变量上呈现显著差异，在是否为独生子女维度上则无明显统计学差异。初中生自闭特质的发展状况需得到家庭、学校与社会的高度重视，后续应进一步挖掘其影响因素，完善针对性干预策略，以此提升初中生的心理健康水平与生活质量，推动青少年心理健康教育体系的完善。

Abstract: To explore the current status and group characteristics of Autistic Traits (AT) among junior high school students, this study took ordinary junior high school students as participants and systematically examined the differences in Autistic Traits across demographic and relevant background variables. The results show that the overall level of Autistic Traits in junior high school students is generally positive, although some individuals still present potential risks of autism spectrum disorder. Significant differences in Autistic Traits were found in terms of gender, grade, and frequency of participation in social activities, while no significant statistical difference was observed regarding the only-child status. The development of Autistic Traits among junior high school students deserves high attention from families, schools, and society. Future research should further explore its influencing factors and improve targeted intervention strategies, so as to enhance the mental health and life quality of junior high school students and promote the improvement of the adolescent mental health education system.