目标导向护理对糖尿病肾病透析患者自我效能与自护能力的影响

Effects of Goal-Oriented Nursing on Self-Efficacy and Self-Care Ability in Dialysis Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy

摘要: 目的：探究目标导向护理干预对糖尿病肾病透析患者自我效能、自护能力及并发症发生的影响。方法：选取2023年5月~2024年6月金华市中心医院肾内科收治的70例糖尿病肾病透析患者，采用随机分组法分为对照组(常规护理)与试验组(在常规护理基础上实施目标导向护理)，各35例。对比两组护理前后一般自我效能感量表(CSES)评分、糖尿病自我管理行为量表修订版(SDSCA)评分及并发症发生情况。结果：护理前两组CSES、SDSCA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)；护理后试验组CSES、SDSCA评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组贫血、感染、透析相关并发症及尿毒症症状发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论：在常规护理基础上实施目标导向护理干预可有效提升糖尿病肾病透析患者自我效能与自护能力，但对短期并发症发生率的改善尚不显著。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of goal-oriented nursing intervention on self-efficacy, self-care ability, and the incidence of complications in dialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy. Methods: A total of 70 dialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy admitted to the Department of Nephrology, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from May 2023 to June 2024 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group (routine nursing care) and an intervention group (goal-oriented nursing in addition to routine nursing care), with 35 patients in each group. Scores on the Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) and the revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) were compared before and after nursing care, and the occurrence of complications was recorded. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in CSES or SDSCA scores between the two groups before nursing care (P > 0.05). After nursing care, the intervention group had significantly higher CSES and SDSCA scores than the control group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the incidence of anemia, infection, dialysis-related complications, or uremic symptoms (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Implementing goal-oriented nursing in addition to routine nursing care can effectively improve self-efficacy and self-care ability in dialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy; however, its short-term effect on reducing complication rates was not significant.