中小建筑企业BIM技术应用影响因素研究

Research on Factors Affecting the Application of BIM Technology in Small and Medium-Sized Construction Enterprises

摘要: 本文采用ISM-MICMAC方法，以中小型建筑企业为研究对象，对其在BIM技术应用过程中的影响因素及其层级关系进行系统分析。识别出16个涵盖技术、组织、人员和外部环境四个维度的核心要素，通过文献综述和专家访谈的方式进行鉴别。调研发现：直接影响企业决策和技术采纳的核心驱动因素是管理层的重视程度、软件成本和兼容性、政策支持和行业标准；作为表面因素的技术人员能力不足，需要通过中间因素的优化来间接改善。研究结果为中小施工企业提供分层治理路径，推动BIM技术应用，建议为提升BIM技术应用整体效能，加强政策引导，完善技术服务体系，构建企业间协同机制。

Abstract: This paper adopts the ISM-MICMAC method to take small and medium-sized construction enterprises as the research object, and systematically analyzes their influencing factors and their hierarchical relationships in the application of BIM technology. Identify 16 core elements covering the four dimensions of technology, organization, personnel and external environment, and identify them through literature review and expert interviews. The survey found that the core driving factors that directly affect enterprise decision-making and technology adoption are the degree of attention of management, software cost and compatibility, policy support and industry standards; the lack of technical personnel as a superficial factor needs to be indirectly improved through the optimization of intermediate factors. The research results provide a hierarchical governance path for small and medium-sized construction enterprises and promote the application of BIM technology. It is recommended to strengthen policy guidance, improve the technical service system, and build an inter-enterprise coordination mechanism in order to improve the overall efficiency of BIM technology application.