基于信息数据库的新疆三家三级医疗机构院内VTE防治能力建设现状研究

Assessment of In-Hospital VTE Prevention and Treatment Capabilities in Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Xinjiang: A Study Based on an Information Database

摘要: 目的：基于院内信息数据库，评价新疆三家三级医疗机构医院院内静脉血栓栓塞症(Venous Thromboembolism, VTE)防治现状。方法：采用方便抽样的方法，问卷调查参与医院院内VTE防治体系建设情况，评价VTE质控效果，Pearson相关分析院内VTE预防措施与医院相关性VTE之间的相关性。结果：纳入研究的医院大部分采用Caprini风险评估模型进行评估，占比80.39%，少数采用Padua量表，占比为19.61%，均已具备机械预防措施；同时均能开展VTE相关检查，其中肺动脉造影及肺通气/灌注显像检查开展为15.69%及5.88%；静脉滤器置入治疗和手术治疗开展率分别为41.18%和23.53%；在VTE质控方面，专科医院的VTE风险评估率大于综合医院A，综合医院A的VTE风险评估率大于综合医院B，专科医院的VTE风险评估率及预防措施率高于综合医院，差异均具有统计学意义；Pearson分析显示三家医院院内VTE预防措施率与医院的相关性VTE均呈负相关。结论：医院需继续按照VTE防治管理规范、建设指南补短板、持续改进，以及加强人员培训，提升VTE防治认知水平和防治能力，持续优化院内VTE防治管理体系。

Abstract: Objective: Based on the hospital information database, this study assesses the current status of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention and treatment in three tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the construction of the hospital-acquired VTE prevention and treatment system in the participating hospitals. The quality control effects of VTE were evaluated, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between in-hospital VTE preventive measures and hospital-associated VTE. Results: Most of the studied hospitals utilized the Caprini risk assessment model (80.39%), while a minority used the Padua scale (19.61%). All hospitals had mechanical prevention measures available and could perform VTE-related examinations; however, the availability of pulmonary angiography and pulmonary ventilation/perfusion imaging was 15.69% and 5.88%, respectively. The rates for inferior vena cava filter placement and surgical treatment were 41.18% and 23.53%, respectively. Regarding VTE quality control, the VTE risk assessment rate in specialized hospitals was higher than that in General Hospital A, which in turn was higher than that in General Hospital B. Both the VTE risk assessment rate and prevention measure implementation rate in specialized hospitals were higher than those in general hospitals, with statistically significant differences. Pearson analysis showed a negative correlation between the rate of in-hospital VTE preventive measures and hospital-associated VTE in all three hospitals. Conclusion: Hospitals need to continue addressing deficiencies and making continuous improvements in accordance with VTE prevention and treatment management standards and construction guidelines. It is essential to strengthen staff training, enhance the awareness and capability of VTE prevention and treatment, and continuously optimize the in-hospital VTE prevention and treatment management system.