乡村振兴战略下辽宁沿海农村林场多功能转型的碳汇提升机制与路径研究

Study on Carbon Sequestration Improvement Mechanism and Path of Multifunctional Transformation of Rural Forest Farms in Liaoning Coastal Areas under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

摘要: 乡村振兴战略与碳达峰碳中和目标背景下，辽宁沿海农村林场以防护林为主，低效林比例较高、多功能开发不足。本文聚焦大连等7市沿海农村林场，综合采用案例研究法、定量分析法、实地调研法，基于第九次全国森林资源清查数据、《辽宁省“十四五”林业草原发展规划》及张丽薇等碳储量研究，分析多功能转型对碳汇提升的机制与路径。结果显示，全省森林生态系统年碳汇达1938.5万吨，清查期森林植被全口径碳汇1233.92万吨；防护林体系累计造林32.27万亩，低效林修复后单位面积碳汇提升20%~35%。研究提出生态–经济–社会协同机制及三条差异化路径，为沿海农村林场生态保护与乡村振兴协同发展提供参考。

Abstract: Under the rural revitalization strategy and the “dual carbon” goals, rural forest farms in coastal Liaoning, dominated by shelter forests, face issues of high proportion of low-efficiency forests and insufficient multi-functional utilization. This paper focuses on rural forest farms in 7 coastal cities including Dalian, comprehensively adopts case study method, quantitative analysis method and field research method, and analyzes the mechanisms and pathways of multi-functional transformation for carbon sink enhancement by integrating data from the Ninth National Forest Resource Inventory, the “14^th Five-Year” Liaoning Forestry and Grassland Development Plan, and studies by Zhang Liwei et al. The results show that the annual carbon sink of Liaoning’s forest ecosystem reaches 19.385 million tons, and the full-caliber forest vegetation carbon sink during the Ninth Inventory period is 12.3392 million tons, neutralizing 8.76% of the province’s energy consumption carbon emissions. Since the implementation of the coastal shelterbelt system, a total of 322,700 mu of afforestation has been completed, and unit-area carbon sink can increase by 20% - 35% after low-efficiency forest restoration. Multi-functional transformation achieves carbon sink gains through three mechanisms: ecological restoration, economic integration, and social coordination. It is recommended to advance through three pathways: precise transformation of low-efficiency forests, integration of forest-sea cultural tourism, and embedding carbon sink trading into rural economy, providing reference for high-quality development of coastal rural forest farms.