商业银行在多层次养老保障体系中的实践研究

A Study of Commercial Banks’ Practices within China’s Multi-Level Pension Security System

摘要: 我国深度老龄化背景下，商业银行凭借自身优势成为养老保障体系建设关键力量。文章梳理了多层次养老保障体系发展历程，明确银行的多重角色，发现其已在养老保障各层次及养老产业领域形成实践成果。但银行仍面临产品同质化、专业服务不足、风控不健全、协同机制缺失等挑战，建议其从产品创新、服务升级、风控完善、深化合作等方面发力，助力养老保障目标实现。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of China’s rapidly aging population, commercial banks have emerged as a pivotal force in advancing the multi-level pension security system by leveraging their inherent strengths. This paper reviews the evolution of China’s multi-level pension security system, clarifies the multifaceted roles of commercial banks, and demonstrates their tangible achievements across all tiers of pension security and within the elderly care sector. Nevertheless, challenges persist—including product homogenization, inadequate professional services, underdeveloped risk management frameworks, and fragmented coordination mechanisms. To address these issues, the study proposes that commercial banks prioritize product innovation, enhance service quality, strengthen risk management, and deepen cross-sector collaboration to effectively support the realization of national pension security objectives.